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Home/ Diseases/Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal Neuralgia

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Trigeminal Neuralgia

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Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux), Animation

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from your face to your brain. It causes extreme, sudden, shock-like pain in one side of the face.

What causes Trigeminal Neuralgia?

It’s often caused by the compression of the trigeminal nerve by blood vessels leading to malfunctioning of the nerve. It can also be associated with multiple sclerosis, tumors, or lesions in the brain.

What are the symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Symptoms include sudden, severe, electric shock-like pain on one side of the face, usually triggered by chewing, speaking, or brushing teeth. The pain is brief but can be recurrent and debilitating.

How is Trigeminal Neuralgia diagnosed?

Diagnosis is primarily based on the patient’s description of the pain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be used to determine if a tumor or multiple sclerosis is causing the pain.

How is Trigeminal Neuralgia treated?

Treatment includes medications like anticonvulsants and antispasmodic agents. In some cases, surgical procedures to decompress the nerve or destroy the nerve fibers causing pain may be recommended.

Can Trigeminal Neuralgia be cured?

There is no cure for trigeminal neuralgia, but the condition can be managed effectively with medications and, in some cases, surgery to reduce or eliminate pain.

Is Trigeminal Neuralgia common?

Trigeminal neuralgia is not common and is considered a relatively rare condition. It usually affects people over the age of 50 and is more common in women than in men.

The symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia typically involve sudden, intense, and excruciating facial pain that can be triggered by ordinary activities such as eating, talking, or even lightly touching the face. The pain usually occurs on one side of the face and can last for a few seconds to several minutes.

Trigeminal Neuralgia can significantly impact the quality of life, as sufferers may experience frequent episodes of agonizing pain that disrupt their daily activities and sleep patterns. It can also lead to emotional distress and social isolation.

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Treatment options for trigeminal neuralgia include medications, nerve blocks, surgery, or other interventions to alleviate pain and manage the underlying cause. It is crucial for individuals experiencing symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.

Disease Symptoms
Trigeminal Neuralgia
  • Severe facial pain
  • Episodic or constant pain attacks
  • Sharp, shooting or electric-like facial pain
  • Pain usually in the trigeminal nerve territory
  • Brief episodes of pain lasting from seconds to minutes
  • Pain triggered by normal activities like eating, talking, or touching the face
  • Intense facial pain that can lead to difficulty eating, talking, or sleeping
  • Unilateral pain affecting one side of the face
  • Extreme sensitivity to light touch or temperature changes on the face
  • Facial twitching or spasm (in some cases)

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Causes:

  • Compression or irritation of the trigeminal nerve
  • Arterial compression on the trigeminal nerve at its root entry zone
  • Demyelination of the trigeminal nerve
  • Tumors pressing against the trigeminal nerve
  • Multiple sclerosis affecting the trigeminal nerve
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