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Brucellosis

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Brucellosis

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  • Dr. Mutahar Ahmed
  • Updated 2024-08-22
  • Published 2024-03-06

Brucellosis (Mediterranean Fever) | Transmission, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

What is Brucellosis?

Brucellosis is a bacterial infection transmitted from animals to humans, primarily caused by the Brucella species. It typically spreads through direct contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal products.

How is Brucellosis transmitted?

Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals, consumption of raw milk or dairy products, inhalation of aerosols, or exposure to contaminated materials. It is not typically transmitted from person to person.

What are the symptoms of Brucellosis?

Symptoms include fever, sweats, malaise, anorexia, headache, muscle pain, and back pain. Symptoms may become chronic and include recurrent fevers, joint pain, and fatigue.

How is Brucellosis diagnosed?

Diagnosis is primarily based on symptoms, history of exposure, and blood tests to detect Brucella bacteria or antibodies. Culturing the bacteria from blood, bone marrow, or other tissues is definitive but may take time.

What is the treatment for Brucellosis?

Treatment includes prolonged use of antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin. Combination therapy for several weeks to months is often necessary to prevent relapse.

Can Brucellosis be prevented?

Prevention focuses on avoiding consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products, wearing protective clothing when handling animals or animal tissues, and vaccinating animals in endemic areas.

What are the possible complications of Brucellosis?

Complications can include endocarditis, arthritis, spondylitis, and neurological symptoms. Chronic brucellosis can lead to persistent symptoms that impact quality of life.

The symptoms of brucellosis can vary but commonly include fever, fatigue, sweats, headaches, muscle pain, and joint pain. In severe cases, it can lead to complications affecting the reproductive system, heart, liver, and other organs. Brucellosis is diagnosed through blood tests, samples of body fluids, or by isolating the bacteria from culture.

Brucellosis can be difficult to treat, and early detection is important for effective management. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment and may need to be taken for several weeks or even months. Prevention involves practicing good hygiene, avoiding contact with infected animals or their products, and consuming only properly cooked or pasteurized food items.

Varied Treatment Options:

Zovirax tackles herpes viruses; Daklinza is used for hepatitis C; Addyi improves female sexual health; Xyzal offers allergy relief; Amoxil treats bacterial infections; Propecia is for male pattern hair loss; Clomid assists in fertility; Priligy treats premature ejaculation; Eriacta, Suhagra, Tadacip, Kamagra, Nizagara, Silagra, and Caverta are for erectile dysfunction; Synthroid manages thyroid disorders; Cipro is a broad-spectrum antibiotic; Proscar is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia; Nolvadex is for breast cancer treatment.

Brucellosis:

  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Sweating
  • Joint pain
  • Muscle pain
  • Back pain
  • Headache
  • Fatigue
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Weakness
  • Depression
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Enlarged spleen
  • Enlarged liver
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