Patellar tendonitis is a condition that causes pain and swelling in the tendon just below the kneecap, often caused by repetitive stress from activities like jumping or running.

• Repetitive stress: Activities that involve frequent jumping, running, or sudden changes in movement can strain the patellar tendon, leading to inflammation.
• Muscle imbalance or weakness: Weak or tight muscles in the legs can increase pressure on the knee and tendon, contributing to injury.
• Overtraining or improper technique: Increasing the intensity of physical activity too quickly or using improper training techniques can increase the risk of patellar tendonitis.

• Athletes: Individuals who participate in sports that involve frequent jumping or running, such as basketball, volleyball, or soccer, are at higher risk.
• People with muscle imbalances: Weak or tight leg muscles can place added strain on the knee.
• Those with a history of knee injuries: Previous knee problems can increase susceptibility to developing tendonitis.

• Knee pain: Pain is usually felt directly below the kneecap, especially during physical activity, such as jumping, running, or climbing stairs.
• Swelling and tenderness: The area around the tendon may become swollen, tender to the touch, or feel warm.
• Stiffness in the knee: Many individuals experience stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity, such as sitting or sleeping.
• Weakness or difficulty moving the knee: The knee may feel weak, and it can become difficult to perform movements like squatting or kneeling.

• Severe pain during physical activity: Intense pain that worsens with movement could signal significant tendon damage.
• Difficulty walking or bearing weight on the leg: If the pain becomes so severe that walking or putting weight on the affected leg is difficult, it’s important to seek medical advice.
• Persistent or worsening symptoms despite rest: If pain, swelling, or stiffness continues after rest or basic treatment, further evaluation may be needed.

• Physical examination: A healthcare provider will assess the knee for pain, swelling, and range of motion. They may press on the tendon to determine tenderness and evaluate how the knee responds to certain movements.
• Imaging tests: X-rays may be used to rule out bone-related conditions, while an MRI or ultrasound can help detect inflammation or small tears in the tendon.

• Rest and activity modification: Reducing or stopping activities that put stress on the tendon allows it to heal. Switching to low-impact exercises, like swimming, can help maintain fitness without aggravating the injury.
• Ice and elevation: Applying ice packs to the knee and elevating the leg can reduce swelling and provide pain relief.
• Physical therapy: A therapist may recommend exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve flexibility, which helps relieve pressure on the tendon.
• Bracing or taping: Wearing a knee brace or using athletic tape can help support the knee and reduce strain on the tendon.
• Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can reduce pain and inflammation.
• Corticosteroid injections: In more severe cases, corticosteroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation directly in the affected area.

• Rest the knee: Stop any activity that causes pain to allow the tendon to heal.
• Apply ice: Use an ice pack to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially after physical activity.
• See a doctor if symptoms worsen: If the pain intensifies or doesn’t improve with rest, it’s important to seek medical evaluation.

• Strengthen leg muscles: Regular strength training, especially for the quadriceps and hamstrings, helps support the knee and reduce strain on the patellar tendon.
• Stretch regularly: Maintaining flexibility in the muscles around the knee can reduce the tension placed on the tendon, especially before and after physical activities.
• Gradually increase activity levels: Avoid sudden increases in the intensity or duration of physical exercise. Gradually build up activity to avoid overloading the knee.
• Use proper technique: Ensure that exercises or sports activities are performed with correct posture and form. Consulting a coach or trainer can help reduce unnecessary strain on the knee.
• Wear proper footwear: Supportive shoes that fit well can help reduce impact on the knees, particularly during activities that involve jumping or running.

• Use orthotics if necessary: Custom shoe inserts can help correct foot alignment issues that may contribute to knee stress, especially in athletes or individuals with flat feet.
• Cross-train to avoid repetitive strain: Incorporating low-impact activities, like cycling or swimming, into your workout routine can give your knees a break from the constant stress of high-impact sports like running or jumping.
• Focus on proper warm-up and cool-down routines: Always warm up your muscles with light activity and stretching before exercising, and cool down afterward to maintain flexibility and reduce muscle tension.
• Maintain a healthy body weight: Extra body weight can put added strain on the knees. Keeping a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the patellar tendon and prevent injury.