Researchers have discovered a possible link between type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, which some health experts refer to as type 3 diabetes. They believe that a diet high in fats may lead to heightened inflammation levels, potentially elevating the risk of dementia. Adopting a healthy diet and lifestyle could potentially reverse this trend and lower the chances of developing Alzheimer’s disease. This connection was highlighted in research conducted at Texas A&M University and presented at the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology’s annual meeting.
The research, yet to be published in a peer-reviewed journal, explored the relationship between the two diseases using mouse models. The study focused on a specific protein in the gut, jak3, and observed that a high-fat diet could suppress it. Mice lacking this protein showed inflammation starting in the intestines, spreading to the liver and brain, and exhibited Alzheimer’s-like cognitive impairments.
The researchers suggest that mitigating the risk of Alzheimer’s could involve controlling or preventing type 2 diabetes. They point out that diet plays a crucial role in both the development of diabetes and the potential risk of Alzheimer’s.
According to Narendra Kumar, PhD, an associate professor at Texas A&M, there’s a 56% increased risk of Alzheimer’s dementia in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study indicates a possible similarity in other dementia types, although it’s premature to draw definitive conclusions.
The team at Texas A&M also found that jak3 protein can lead to a leaky gut, causing chronic inflammation and type 2 diabetes, which impairs the brain’s ability to clear toxins, leading to dementia symptoms. They believe that a healthy diet and blood sugar control can halt this process.
With an estimated 81% of Alzheimer’s patients also having type 2 diabetes, the link is increasingly referred to as “type 3 diabetes.” High blood sugar or insulin levels can damage the brain and elevate Alzheimer’s risk, as the brain requires significant energy from sugar.
Treating type 2 diabetes aims to prevent further health complications. Dr. Mitchell Roslin, a bariatric surgery chief at Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital, highlights various treatments, including bariatric surgery and new weight loss medications like Tirzepatide and Semaglutide, which reduce hunger and aid in weight control.
Experts emphasize the importance of diet and lifestyle in managing diabetes risk. Lauren Sepe, a clinical nutritionist, recommends a diet low in carbohydrates and added sugars, focusing on lean proteins, healthy fats, non-starchy vegetables, and low sugar fruits. She advises moderation in consuming nuts, seeds, and dairy products, emphasizing the benefits of anti-inflammatory foods.